Unit 1 – The Constitution - Introduction
- The History of the Making of the Indian Constitution
- Preamble and the Basic Structure and its interpretation
- Fundamental Rights and Duties and their interpretation
- State Policy Principles
A Constitution is the supreme law of a country. It provides the basic framework for the organisation, powers, and functions of the government. It also defines the rights and duties of citizens and establishes the relationship between the government and the people.
The Constitution of India is the foundation of the Indian political and legal system. It lays down the principles according to which the country is governed and ensures justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity for all citizens. It establishes India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic and provides a parliamentary form of government.
The Indian Constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949 and came into force on 26 January 1950. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, Chairman of the Drafting Committee, played a major role in its drafting.
Main Features of the Indian Constitution
- Written and Detailed Constitution
- Federal System with a Strong Centre
- Parliamentary Form of Government
- Fundamental Rights
- Fundamental Duties
- Directive Principles of State Policy
- Independent Judiciary
- Universal Adult Franchise
- Secular and Democratic System
- Single Citizenship
In simple words, the Constitution is the rulebook of the country. It protects the rights of citizens, limits government power, and provides a framework for the smooth functioning of democracy.
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| Constitution of India |